SharePARIS: French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire on Friday pushed for Russia to be excluded from the global SWIFT interbank system over its attack on Ukraine, supported by other EU nations but facing a more cautious Germany.
"Some (European Union) member states have shown reservations, France is not one of these states," Le Maire told reporters after a meeting of EU finance ministers in Paris-while describing the move as a "financial nuclear weapon".
He added that SWIFT exclusion would be weighed "not in the coming days or weeks, but in the coming hours", with technical advice from the European Commission. While Le Maire received public backing for the move from other nations including Austria, German Finance Minister Christian Lindner resisted the high-pressure timetable without ruling out an exclusion altogether.
"I advised that we should also look into instruments that go beyond even the latest sanctions package, that includes SWIFT," Lindner told reporters in Paris, while adding that he "can't say anything about the timeframe".
"If we come to this exclusion, will that then be the trigger that causes Russia to halt its gas deliveries, because they can no longer be paid for?" he asked. But Lindner added that "for someone to ask the question about consequences does not mean that they are not ready to bear them".
Russian gas makes up a higher share of energy supplies in Germany and other parts of Europe than in France, although Paris has itself vowed to protect citizens from upward pressure on prices due to the Russian attack. Le Maire and Lindner had earlier praised the joint EU response to Moscow, saying that sanctions already decided would "isolate Russia financially" and "cut all links between Russia and the global financial system".
Lindner insisted that "we already have a complete blockade of Russian banks, which means business dealings with Russia are as good as stopped." Reacting Thursday to sanctions decided by the EU, Britain, the United States and other Western nations, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said "the pressure on Russia must increase" from what has already been announced.
"Not all possibilities for sanctions have been exhausted yet," he added. Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba had been more explicit Thursday, writing on Twitter that "who now doubts whether Russia should be banned from SWIFT has to understand that the blood of innocent Ukrainian men, women and children will be on their hands too."
Hard choices
SWIFT's messaging system allows banks to communicate rapidly and securely about transactions, and cutting Russia off would cripple its ability to trade with most of the world. Iran has been disconnected from the system in the past over its nuclear program, while Moscow has been developing domestic financial infrastructure to counter just such a threat, including the SPFS system for bank transfers and the Mir card payments system. Cutting off Russia could complicate remaining trade with Europe, including natural gas imports vital to the continent's energy supply as well as oil shipments.
Berlin this week said it would halt certification of a new pipeline bringing gas from Russia known as Nord Stream 2, but an existing direct link remains in operation and payments continue to flow. Asked about other reported exemptions from the economic measures against Russia, including for Italian luxury goods and Belgian diamonds, Lindner said that "it would not be rational to consider measures that in the long run would weaken our ability to exert political influence. "The aim is above all to affect Russia and aim for effects on Russia".
The West has agreed an onslaught of sanctions over Russia's invasion of Ukraine, but resistance from key EU nations fearful of severing their power sources has resulted in them holding off on deploying the "financial nuclear weapon" of banishing Moscow from the SWIFT banking transfer system.
Ukraine has expressly called on Western allies to expel Moscow from the system that banks rely on to transfer money. But US President Joe Biden revealed this week that while it remains an option, "right now that's not the position that the rest of Europe wishes to take". Former European Council President Donald Tusk lashed out at EU capitals over their failure to agree on the toughest sanctions such as cutting Russian banks off from SWIFT, exposing a rift within the bloc over its response.
"In this war, everything is real: Putin's madness and cruelty, Ukrainian victims, bombs falling on Kyiv. Only your sanctions are pretended (sic)," Tusk tweeted.
"Those EU governments, which blocked tough decisions (i.e. Germany, Hungary, Italy) have disgraced themselves." But German Finance Minister Christian Lindner laid out starkly the preoccupation of Europe's biggest economy: suspension of SWIFT "would mean that there is a high risk that Germany will no longer receive gas, raw material supplies from Russia".
Lindner told public television he was "open" to including SWIFT "in the course of possible further toughening of sanctions" while adding that allies would "have to be aware of the consequences". With 40 percent of gas consumed in Europe arriving from Russia, Germany's fears about the possibility of severe disruptions are well founded.
Austria, Hungary and Italy are also reluctant, pitting them against Poland, the Baltic states and non-EU member Britain. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban alluded to his key concern -- energy prices -- as he announced sanctions agreed by the EU late Thursday. "These sanctions do not extend to energy so... energy supplies to Hungary and the other member states of the EU are guaranteed," he said. - AFP
